changed into Greek as ‘Arusa’ meaning rice. He excavated at ‘Punnaikkayal’ and ‘Korkai’ places of historical interest. ‘Punnaikkayal’ is an old place with many of its buildings and Churches, dilapidated (See Plate No. 5). When he attempted to excavate at old Kayal, crowds congregated around him wondering whether he was digging for treasure. The story still circulates that he dug to unearth historical evidences. During my tour, I visited one such spot located in a very dry and not easily accessible place. Here there was an old ruined wall surrounded by thorny trees. (See Plate No. 6). Material progress and advancement have till to reach these places.

A terrible famine broke out in 1877 and struck Tirunelvelly and he rendered great service to the poor.

Two methods were adopted to propound the Gospel, one was the native way (i.e. in Tamil) and the other was the English. Caldwell undertook the former.

The institution for higher education founded at Sayarpuram was moved to Tuticorin with the financial aid of Groves-a businessman of Liverpool. After a short-spell of ten years this institution was not so popular. Presently at that spot stands a ‘Caldwell High School.’ (See Plate No. 7).

Swartz later moved this institution to Trichinopoly where to this day stands a hostel named after Caldwell.

Dr. Caldwell addressed the twentysecond convocation of the Madras University. His address was an inspiring one.

Caldwell is believed to have built a Church at Kodaikkanal. While endeavouring to trace this, I was fortunate to detect the house used by him. This has been renovated and was in the possession of the late Dr. V. K. John. Here many possessions of Dr. Caldwell are preserved and I was lucky to obtain two books used by him and with his signature. While I was searching for this house, Dr. Appaswamy – a very old and learned man well acquainted with Christian works – was the only man who had a vague idea about this house. He took pains to point the direction in