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24THE PRIMARY CLASSICAL LANGUAGE OF THE WORLD

geographical classes and professional communities in the same locality in the rural areas as well as in the urban districts, and the reaching of the influence of modern civilization deep into the retired districts.

     The particulars of geographical features of ancient Tamil Nadu are as follows:     

(1)   Hilly region

Human habitation : SiŠukudi (hamlet) and KuŠicci (hill-side village).

Inhabitants : KuŠavar (sooth-sayers), Kƒ‹avar (junglemen, Ku‹Šavar (hill-meŒ, IŠavu˜ar, (mountain slope-dwellers)

Occupation : Hunting, cultivation of Italian millet, honey gathering and digging of edible roots

Food stuff : Mountain paddy, Italian millet, roots and fruits and bamboo seed.

Cult : S„y†‹ (MurugaŒ worship.

Water sources : Mountain pools and waterfalls.

Percussion instruments : Drums beaten during Muruga-worship and kuravai dance.

Melody-type : KuŠinji yƒ‰

Fauna : Elephant, tiger, bear, hog, monkey, stag, deer, mountain sheep, etc.

Birds : peacock, parrot, etc.

Flora : Strobilanthes Kunthianus, Gloriasa superba, Blue nelumbo, East Indian kino, Sandal-wood, Teak etc.

(2)   Pastoral region

Human habitation : Pƒdi, (a group of low-rooted dwellings) S„ri (a group of closely-constructed huts) and Palli (a group of shake-downs).

Inhabitants : ƒyar (cowherds). Also called Idaiyar and Poduvar. Occupation : Cattle-breeding and cultivation of millets.
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