|
Tamil |
Hindi |
|
1st
Person: |
Singular
: |
nn(I)
|
main |
Plural
: |
nm(we)
|
ham |
2nd
Person: |
|
|
Singular
: |
nn
(arch. thou) |
t |
Plural
: |
nm(arch.,
you) |
tum |
All the words contained in the above list
have their roots only in Tamil.
Grammatical
Forms and Principles
|
In
old Tamil, one of the modes of forming the preterite tense was to add
the suffix to the verbal theme, as it
is now done in Hindi. In Mediaeval Tamil, it was restricted to the formation
of preterite participles, and subsequently went out of use in the colloquial
dialect and prose literature.
The Tamil optative suffix iya corresponds
to the honorific imperative suffix iye of Hindi, which is added to the
verbal theme to form the polite form of the Imperative Mood.
The
Hindi Negative Imperative suffix mat seems to be a corruption of the
Telugu vaddu, and the origin of the Sanskrit prohibitive particle m.
In that case, it is to be traced back to the rasni
Prkrit or some other earlier form of speech.
mu or
m, as an adverbial particle of cause
or reason, occurs in poems No. 4, 20, 22, 92, 93, 271 and 380 of Punnu,
a Tamil anthology of non-erotic poems, collected in the 2nd century A.D.
The same word in the latter form i.e., mar,
is used in Hindi in the same sense, the only differences being the prefixing
of the post-position k and its use after
only nouns and not preterite finite verbs as in Tamil.
Employment of a particular form of verbal
noun as imperative verb also, is common to both Tamil and Hindi.
The order of words in a Hindi sentence is
the same as in Tamil.
There are also some proverbs in Tamil and
Hindi, which are identical in meaning.
|