Lesson - 1

C02131 - வினைச் சொல்லின் பொது இலக்கணம்

This lesson defines a verb. Verbs are classified into two kinds based on time. Finite verbs (வினைமுற்று) are distinguished from non-finite verbs (வினை எச்சம்).

Verbs are inflected for the status of the nouns (திணை), its gender (பால்), number (எண்) and place (இடம்).

There are different types of verbs in Tamil. They are explicit (தெரிநிலை வினை) and implicit (குறிப்பு வினை), reflective (தன் வினை) and Performative (பிறவினை), active (செய்வினை) and passive (செயப்பாட்டுவினை).

Explicit verbs (தெரிநிலை வினை) are indicative of who, how, where, what, when and which. For example, வரைந்தான் (He drew) indicates here artist (who), the painting brush (how), drawing studio (where), drawing (what) and the past time (when).

Implicit verbs (குறிப்பு வினை) as in the sentence "அவன் பணக்காரன்" (He is a rich man) are equational in nature like the different forms of the English verb 'be'.

Nouns based on verbs can be vocational (தொழிற் பெயர்) or verb-nominal (வினையாலணையும் பெயர்) as in தச்சன் (carpenters) and வருபவன் (who comes) respectively.

Such classifications indicate the structural aspects of each Tamil verb as used in sentences.

This lesson will thus be very useful to understand the composition and the classification of Tamil verbs.