இல்லறவியல் - I

The ancient Tamils considered 'Üøñ¢' as the code of conduct that safeguarded an individual in particular and society in general. Thiruvalluvar has applied this Üøñ¢ or the path of righteousness to two aspects of life, viz., Illaram (family life) and Thuravaram (asceticism). Greater importance has been given to family life. The poet's views on family life have been set down in such detail, that we have divided them into two lessons. In this lesson, we shall learn about all the factors that enable a man to attain heavenly bliss in this world itself.

In Tamil, II or Illam refers to a house. She who runs a house well by her love, sacrifice, service and grace was called 'Illaal' (இல்லாள்). The righteousness with which a man leads his family life together with his wife, was referred to as 'Illaram' by Thiruvalluvar. According to the poet, if a man and woman marry and lead a virtuous married life, then their home will be a veritable heaven.

Most spiritualists are of the view that domestic life prepares a man for his entry into heaven. Marital happiness is fleeting. However good his life on earth may be, a man will obtain real happiness only in heaven. Hence the attainment of heavenly bliss should be a man's goal in this life, said the spiritualists. Radically different from these, were Thiruvalluvar's views. Husband and wife together can make their home, a heaven, said the poet. And in this endeavor, it is the wife who has a major share. Managing her resources diligently, she should do her duties by her husband and children. At the same time, she should be an ideal host, because hospitality is an important aspect of family life. A man whose wife is chaste and virtuous, is the most fortunate being in this world.

Just as it is the parents' duty to bring up their children properly, children also should obey their parents and behave in such a way that they do not bring disgrace to their parents. Moreover, they should look after their parents well in their old age. Such children can be considered to be real assets.

These are the views expressed by Thiruvalluvar in this lesson.